Толковый словарь английского языка Oxford English Reference - spruce
Spruce
spruce
1. adj. & v. --adj. neat in dress and appearance; trim, smart. --v.tr. & intr. (also refl.; usu. foll. by up) make or become smart. Derivatives sprucely adv. spruceness n. Etymology: perh. f. SPRUCE(2) in obs. sense 'Prussian', in the collocation spruce (leather) jerkin 2. n. 1 any coniferous tree of the genus Picea, with dense foliage growing in a distinctive conical shape. 2 the wood of this tree used as timber. Phrases and idioms spruce beer a fermented beverage using spruce twigs and needles as flavouring. Etymology: alt. of obs. Pruce Prussia: cf. PRUSSIAN 3. v. Brit. sl. 1 tr. deceive. 2 intr. lie, practise deception. 3 intr. evade a duty, malinger. Derivatives sprucer n. Etymology: 20th c.: orig. unkn.
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1.
I. verb (~d; sprucing) Date: 1594 transitive verb to make ~, intransitive verb to make oneself ~ , II. adjective (~r; ~st) Etymology: perhaps from obsolete English Spruce leather leather imported from Prussia Date: 1599 neat or smart in appearance ; trim, ~ly adverb ~ness noun III. noun (plural ~s; also ~) Etymology: obsolete Spruce Prussia, from Middle English, alteration of Pruce, from Anglo-French Date: 1670 1. any of a genus (Picea) of evergreen trees of the pine family with a conical head of dense foliage, flat or 4-sided needles, pendulous cones, and soft light wood, any of several coniferous trees (as Douglas fir) of similar habit, the wood of a ~ ...Толковый словарь английского языка
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